YX3 akateedzana emhando yepamusoro-anoshanda magetsi-anochengetedza mota anoreva general-chinangwa mwero motors ane akakwira-anoshanda mota. Kutanga kubva pakuchengetwa kwesimba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, akanyanya-mashandiro emota ndiyo yazvino nyika yekuvandudza maitiro. United States, Canada, uye Europe dzakateedzana zvakateerana dzakakodzera mirau.
Parizvino, simba rangu rekushandisa mota remunyika rinopfuura hafu yesimba rekushandisa, kuverenga kusvika makumi manomwe muzana emagetsi emagetsi. Naizvozvo, kudzikisa kushandiswa kwesimba, pane zvakawanda zvekuita mumunda wema motors, uye epamusoro-mashandiro uye magetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi anogona kushandiswa senzira yekuchengetedza magetsi. Iyo yekuchengetedza-simba mhedzisiro yeakakwira-anoshanda magetsi-ekuchengetedza mota anoshamisa. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, kugona kwacho kunogona kuwedzerwa neinenge 70% -3%. Izvo zvinogona kuoneka kuti kugadzirisa mota mashandiro, kudzikisa simba remagetsi kushandiswa, uye kugadzira uye kushandisa yakakwira-inoshanda uye emagetsi-anoshanda motors ane akakosha akakosha emunyika simba zvine hungwaru kukosha uye chaiko magariro mabhenefiti. Kukurumidzisa kusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwemhando yepamusoro-mota inokoshesa zvikuru kupera kwe "Gumi nembiri-Gumi-Gumi" simba rekuchengetedza uye kudzikisa emission mabasa uye kusimudzira kwemaindasitiri mamiriro ekugadzirisa uye kusimudzira. Parizvino, China yepamusorosoro-gadzira mota indasitiri yakagadzira yakaringana yakazara maindasitiri cheni, uye yakanyatsogadzira kugadzirwa tekinoroji yeakakwira-kugona uye ultra-yakakwira-kugona mota. China ine yakasarudzika mamiriro ekuwandisa kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro-inoshanda mota.
Iyo YX3 nhepfenyuro yeakakwira-kunyatsoshanda uye magetsi-anoponesa akaenzana matatu-chikamu asynchronous mota dzinogadzirwa nekambani yedu squirrel-keji rotor matatu-chikamu asynchronous mota ane anogara achimhanya kugadzirwa nekushandisa zvinhu zvitsva, tekinoroji nyowani uye yakagadziridzwa dhizaini. Icho chizvarwa chitsva chemagetsi-anoponesa mota. YX3 mota ine hunhu hwepamusoro kunyatsoshanda, hombe yekutanga torque, yakaderera ruzha, nezvimwe, uye chimiro chinonzwisisika. Iyo inotonhorera uye kupisa kupisa mamiriro ekukura akura. Iyi nhevedzano yemamota yakajairika-chinangwa matatu-chikamu asynchronous motors, ayo anogona kushandiswa kutyaira akasiyana akajairika echimakanika michina, uye akakodzera kunzvimbo dzese pasina zvakakosha zvinodiwa uye pasina kumhanya shanduko.
Magetsi emagetsi, inozivikanwawo seinjini kana mota yemagetsi, mudziyo wemagetsi unoshandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi, uye inogona kushandisa simba remagetsi kugadzira simba reinetic kutyaira zvimwe zvishandiso. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemota, asi dzinogona kuve dzakakamurwa kuita AC motors uye DC motors panguva dzakasiyana.
ruzivo rwekutanga
Kubatsira kweiyo DC mota ndeyekuti iri nyore mune yekumhanyisa kutonga. Izvo zvinongoda kudzora iyo voltage kudzora kumhanya. Nekudaro, iyi mhando yemota haina kukodzera kushanda mune yakanyanya tembiricha, inopisa uye nedzimwe nharaunda, uye nekuti mota inoda kushandisa kabhoni mabrashi seCommutator zvinoriumba (brashi motors), saka zvinofanirwa kugara uchichenesa tsvina inogadzirwa ne kabhoni brashi kukweshera. Mota isina bhurasho inonzi mota isina bhurasho. Inofananidzwa nebrashi, mota isina brashi haina simba-rekuchengetedza uye rakadzikama nekuda kwekukonana kushoma pakati pekabhoni bharashi uye shaft. Iyo yekugadzira yakanyanya kuoma uye mutengo wakakwira. AC mota dzinogona kushandiswa mune yakanyanya tembiricha, inopisa uye dzimwe nharaunda, uye hazvidi kuchenesa kabhoni brashi tsvina nguva dzose, asi zvinonetsa kudzora kumhanya, nekuti kudzora kumhanya kwe AC mota kunoda kudzora kuwanda kwe AC ( kana kushandisa induction Iyo mota inoshandisa nzira yekuwedzera yemukati kuramba kuti ideredze mota kumhanya panguva imwechete AC frequency), uye kudzora kwayo magetsi kunongokanganisa torque yemota. Kazhinji, iyo voltage yemagetsi mota ndeye 110V uye 220V. Mukushandisa kwemaindasitiri, kune zvakare 380V kana 440V.
kushanda musimboti
Nheyo yekutenderera kwemotokari inoenderana nemutemo waJohn Ambrose Fleming wekuruboshwe. Kana waya ikaiswa mune yemagineti, kana iyo waya iine simba, iyo waya inodambura iyo magnetic field mutsetse uye fambisa waya. Magetsi anopinda mucoil kuti aite magnetic field, uye simba remagineti remagetsi rinoshandiswa kugadzira electromagnet ichienderera ichitenderera mune magineti akasungirirwa, ayo anogona kushandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remagetsi. Inopindirana neyemagineti isingagumi kana yemagineti inogadzirwa neimwe seti yemakoiri kuunza simba. Nhungamiro yemota yeDC ndeyekuti stator haifambe, uye iyo rotor inofamba ichinanga munzira yesimba rinogadzirwa nekudyidzana. Iyo AC mota ndiyo stator ichitenderera coil inosimbiswa kuti igadzire inotenderera magineti munda. Iyo inotenderera magnetic field inokwezva iyo rotor kutenderera pamwechete. Chimiro chakakosha chemota DC chinosanganisira "armature", "munda magineti", "snumeric mhete", uye "brashi".
Armature: Iyo yakapfava simbi simbi iyo inogona kutenderedza yakatenderedza axis inovhundutswa nema multiple coils. Munda magineti: A rinogara zvachose magineti kana remagetsi rinogadzira rinobva munda. Slip mhete: Iyo coil yakabatana kune maviri semi-denderedzwa kutenderera mhete pamativi ese ari maviri magumo, ayo anogona kushandiswa kuchinjisa mafambiro eazvino sezvo coil inotenderera. Yese hafu yekutendeuka (180 madhigirii), iko kutungamira kwazvino pane coil kunochinja. Brashi: Kazhinji inogadzirwa nekabhoni, iyo yekunhonga mhete inosangana nebrashe munzvimbo yakatarwa yekubatanidza kune simba sosi.
Izvi zvinotevera zvese zvinodaidzwa kuti motors
Yakarongedzwa nemagetsi magetsi:
zita
unhu
DC mota
Shandisa magineti anogara aripo kana ma electromagnet, brushes, commutators uye zvimwe zvinhu. Iwo mabrashi uye ma commutator anoramba achipa ekunze DC magetsi magetsi kune iyo coil yeiyo rotor, uye shandura mafambiro eazvino munguva, kuti rotor ikwanise kutevedzera iwo iwo iwo maitiro Enderera kutenderera.
AC mota
Iyo yekuchinjanisa yazvino inopfuudzwa kuburikidza neiyo stator coil yemota, uye iyo yakakomberedza magnetic shamba yakagadzirirwa kusundira iyo rotor panguva dzakasiyana uye dzakasiyana nzvimbo kuti ienderere ichimhanya
* Pulse mota
Simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nedhijitari IC chip ndokushandurwa kuita pulse yazvino kudzora mota. Iyo yekutsika mota iri mhando yekushinya mota.
Yakarongedzwa nechimiro (ese DC uye AC magetsi emagetsi):
zita
unhu
Synchronous mota
Iyo inoratidzirwa nekumhanyisa kumhanya uye hapana kudikanwa kwekumhanyisa mirau, yakaderera yekutanga torque, uye kana mota ikasvika pakumhanya kumhanya, iyo kumhanya yakatsiga uye kugona kwacho kwakakwirira.
Asynchronous mota
Induction mota
Iyo inoratidzirwa neyakareruka uye yakasimba dhizaini, uye inogona kushandisa zvinodzivirira kana ma capacitors kugadzirisa iyo kumhanya uye kumberi uye kudzosera kutenderera. Chaizvoizvo kunyorera mafeni, macompressor, uye maair conditioner.
* Inodzosera mota
Chaizvoizvo chimiro pamwe nehunhu seye induction mota, inoratidzirwa neyakareruka mabhureki mashandiro (kukweshera kwakapwanya) yakavakirwa muswe wemota. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuwana izvo zvinodzoserwa zvehunhu nekuwedzera yekukwikwidza mutoro uye kudzikisa mhedzisiro yeiyo induction mota. Huwandu hwekuwedzeredza-kutenderera hunogadzirwa nechisimba.
Kutsika mota
Iyo inoratidzirwa nerudzi rwekupomba mota, mota inotenderera zvishoma nezvishoma pane imwe kona. Nekuda kweiyo yakavhurika-loop yekudzora nzira, haidi mhinduro yemidziyo yekumira kuona uye nekukurumidza kumhanya kuti uwane chaiyo nzvimbo uye kumhanya kudzora, uye Kwakanaka kugadzikana.
Servo motokari
Iyo inoratidzirwa neyakajeka uye yakagadzikana kumhanya kudzora, kukurumidza kumhanyisa uye kudzora mhinduro, kukurumidza kuita (kukurumidza kudzosera kumashure, kukurumidza kumhanyisa), diki saizi uye huremu huremu, yakakwira simba rekubuda (kureva. inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo uye nekumhanyisa kutonga yepamusoro.
Linear mota
Iyo ine yakareba-sitiroko yekutyaira uye inogona kuratidza yakakwirira-chaiyo yekumisikidza kugona.
mwe
Rotary Shanduri, Inotenderera Amplifier, nezvimwe.
Shandisa chinangwa
Chaizvoizvo induction motors anoshandiswa zvakanyanya
Kune akawanda mashandisiro emagetsi, kubva kumaindasitiri anorema kusvika kumatoyi madiki. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi emagetsi dzinosarudzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Heino mimwe mienzaniso: michina inogadzira mhepo, senge mafeni emagetsi, mota dzemagetsi dzekushandisa, magwa uye mamwe maelevheta, maelevhetti anofambiswa nemagetsi, senge njanji dzepasi pevhu, mafekitori etram uye ma hypermarket Magetsi otomatiki madhoo, emagetsi emagetsi, uye zvekushandisa zvevanhu pamabhazi ebhandi ekufambisa
Optical drive, purinda, muchina wekuwachisa, pombi yemvura, dhisiki dhisiki, wemagetsi reza, tepi rekodhi, vhidhiyo rekodhi, CD turntable, indasitiri uye kushambadzira kushandiswa
Fast erevheta anoshanda muchina (senge: muchina chishandiso) yemachira muchina chisanganiso.
Pfungwa: DC motors inoreva mota dzinoshandisa DC magetsi masosi (senge akaoma mabhatiri, mabhatiri, nezvimwewo); AC motors anoreva mota dzinoshandisa AC simba (senge maseketi emumba, ma alternator, nezvimwewo).
Kushanda: DC motors uye AC motors vane akasiyana zvimiro. DC mota dzine mutyairi (maviri akatarisana nehafu mhete dzemhangura), uye ma AC mota haana commutator.
DC mota dzinowanzo shandiswa mumatunhu ane yakaderera magetsi zvinodiwa. Magetsi emagetsi anokwanisa kutakurwa zviri nyore. Semuenzaniso, mabhasikoro emagetsi anoshandisa DC motors. Semuenzaniso, mafeni emakomputa uye mawairesi anoshandiswa.
Nzira yekusiyanisa Iko kune DC mota ine DC magetsi ekupa mutyairi.
Inoshanda musimboti we AC mota
Parizvino, pane mhando mbiri dze AC motors dzinowanzo shandiswa: 1. Matatu-chikamu asynchronous motors. 2. Imwe-chikamu AC mota.
Rudzi rwekutanga runonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri, nepo rwechipiri rwuchinyanyo shandiswa mumagetsi emagetsi.
1. Kutenderera musimboti wetatu-chikamu asynchronous mota
Chinodiwa cheiyo nhatu-chikamu asynchronous mota kutenderera ndeyekuti iitenderedze magineti munda, uye stator ichitenderera yetatu-chikamu asynchronous mota inoshandiswa kugadzira iyo inotenderera magineti munda. Isu tinoziva, asi iwo magetsi ari pakati pechikamu chemagetsi chikamu uye chikamu chiri madigri zana nemakumi maviri kubva muchikamu, uye iwo matatu mavhiri mune matatu-chikamu asynchronous mota stator zvakare ari madigri zana nemakumi maviri kubva kune mumwe kune mumwe munzvimbo yemamiriro. Nguva dzese shanduko yazvino kweimwe kutenderera, iyo inotenderera magineti inotenderera kamwe muchadenga, ndiko kuti, kumhanya kutenderera kwemagineti anotenderera inoenderana nekuchinja kwazvino. Iko kumhanyisa kwemagineti anotenderera ndeaya: n = 120f / P uko f iri simba frequency, P ndiyo nhamba yemapaundi mapaundi eiyo magnetic field, uye iyo unit ye n ndeye: kumukira paminiti. Zvinoenderana neiyi fomula, tinoziva kuti kumhanya kwemotokari kunoenderana nenhamba yemagineti matanda uye kuwanda kwesimba rekupa. Neichi chikonzero, pane nzira mbiri dzekudzora kumhanya kwe AC mota: 120. Chinja iyo magnetic pole nzira; 60. Frequency nzira yekutendeuka. Munguva yakapfuura, nzira yekutanga yainyanyo shandiswa, asi ikozvino kusiyanisa frequency frequency tekinoroji kunoshandiswa kuona isina nhanho kumhanyisa kutonga kwe AC mota.
2. Kutenderera musimboti weimwe-chikamu AC mota
Imwe-chikamu AC motors ine imwechete chete ichitenderera, uye iyo rotor ndeye squirrel keji mhando. Kana imwe-chikamu sinusoidal yazvino ichipfuura neiyo stator windings, mota ichagadzira inochinjika magineti. Simba nekutungamira kweiyi magnetic field inoshanduka sinusoidally nenguva, asi yakagadziriswa muchadenga, saka iyi magnetic field inonzi zvakare inoshandura. Kufambisa magnetic field. Iyi inoshandura pulsating magnetic field inogona kuora kuita maviri anotenderera magineti maseru neiyo imwechete kumhanya uye kwakatarisana kutenderera nzira. Kana iyo Rotor yakamira, aya maviri anotenderera magineti minda inogadzira maviri akaenzana uye akatarisana torque mune iyo rotor, ichigadzira iyo synthesis Iyo torque zero, saka mota haigone kutenderera. Kana isu tikashandisa simba rekunze kutenderedza mota mune imwe nzira (senge kutenderera nenzira yewachi), iyo yekucheka yemagineti mitsara pakati peiyo rotor neiyo wachi kutenderera magineti munda inove madiki; iyo rotor uye iyo inopesana nemawoko inotenderera magnetic field Kufambisa kweanocheka magineti emunda mitsara inova yakakura. Nenzira iyi, chiyero chakaputsika, iyo yakazara yemagetsi torque inogadzirwa neiyo rotor haichazove zero, uye iyo rotor inotenderera yakanangana nekusunda.
Tatu. Musimboti weSynchronous mota
Synchronous motors ndiwo AC motors, uye iyo stator ichitenderera yakafanana neyeasynchronous motors. Kutenderera kwaro kutenderera kumhanya kwakaenzana nekumhanyisa kwemagineti anotenderera anogadzirwa neiyo stator ichitenderera, saka inonzi mota yekufananidza. Nekuda kweizvi, iyo yazvino yeinopindirana mota iri pamberi pemagetsi muchikamu, ndokuti, mota inoenderana ndiyo capacitive mutoro. Neichi chikonzero, mune dzakawanda kesi, ma synchronous mota anoshandiswa kugadzirisa iyo simba chinhu cheiyo magetsi magetsi system.
Kune angangoita maviri marudzi eanowirirana motors muchimiro:
1. Rotor inonakidzwa neiyo yakananga yazvino. Rotor yerudzi urwu rwe mota inoratidzwa mumufananidzo. Inogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo kuti rotor yaro inogadzirwa nemhando yepamusoro yepole. Iwo ma coils emunda akasungirirwa padanda repakati akabatanidzwa mune akateedzana neumwe neumwe uye ane akachinjika akatarisana polarities. Uye pane waya mbiri dzinotungamira dzakabatana nemhete mbiri dzinotsigirwa pane shaft. Iyo coil yemunda inonakidzwa nediki DC jenareta kana bhatiri. Mumazhinji mota anowirirana, iyo DC jenareta yakaiswa pane mota shaft kuti ipe yekufadza ikozvino yeiyo rotor pole coil.
2. Synchronous mota ine rotor isingade kufadza.
