Yakakwira rpm mota dc yemagetsi mota vagadziri muIndia kumota dzemagetsi
1、 Musiyano pakati peinjiniya inopindirana uye asynchronous mota: (dzose ndedze AC mota)
Chimiro: iyo stator windings ye synchronous mota uye asynchronous mota zvakafanana, uye mutsauko mukuru uri muchimiro che rotor. Iyo rotor yeiyo synchronous mota ine DC yekumhanyisa mhepo, saka inoda yekunze yekuwedzeredza magetsi kuunza ikozvino kuburikidza neinotsvedza mhete; Iyo rotor yeasynchronous mota ipfupi-circuit mhepo, iyo inogadzira ikozvino ne electromagnetic induction (inozivikanwawo se induction mota). Kusiyana neizvi, masynchronous motors akanyanya kuoma uye anodhura.
Kushandisa: synchronous motors anonyanya kushandiswa mumajenareta makuru. Iyo asynchronous mota inenge yese inoshandiswa muzviitiko zvemota. Iko kushanda kweiyo synchronous mota yakakwira zvishoma pane iyo yeasynchronous mota. Paunenge uchisarudza mota dziri pamusoro pe2000kW, zvinowanzofanira kufunga kuti ungasarudza mota inopindirana.
2, Chikamu chimwe chete asynchronous mota uye matatu-chikamu asynchronous mota:
Injini imwe chete: kana iyo imwe-chikamu sinusoidal ikozvino ichipfuura nepa stator mhepo, mota inoburitsa inochinjika magineti. Iyo simba uye kutungamira kweiyo magineti ichachinja sinusoidal nekufamba kwenguva, asi yakamisikidzwa munzvimbo yenzvimbo, saka inodaidzwawo sealternating pulsating magnetic field. Iyi inotsinhanisa pulsating magineti inogona kuoreswa kuita magineti maviri anotenderera ayo akatarisana nekumhanya kwakafanana uye kwainotenderera. Kana rotor yakamira, magineti maviri anotenderera anoburitsa ma torque maviri ehukuru hwakaenzana uye akatarisana murotor, achigadzira iyo torque yekugadzira zero, saka mota haigone kutenderera. Kana isu tikashandisa simba rekunze kuita kuti mota itenderere mune imwe nzira (yakadai sekutenderera kwewachi), mafambiro ekucheka magineti mutsara wesimba pakati pe rotor uye inotenderera magineti munzira yekutenderera kwewachi inova diki; Iyo yekucheka magineti mutsara wesimba rekufamba pakati pe rotor uye inotenderera magineti munzvimbo inotenderera yekutenderera inova yakakura. Nenzira iyi, chiyero chakatyoka, iyo yakazara electromagnetic torque inogadzirwa ne rotor haichazove zero, uye rotor inotenderera ichitevedza nzira yekutyaira. Kazhinji, zvinoenderana nehunhu hwemota yekutanga uye yekushanda modhi, imwe-chikamu asynchronous mota yakakamurwa kuita marudzi mashanu: single-phase kuramba kutanga asynchronous mota, single-phase capacitor kutanga asynchronous mota, single-phase capacitor kutanga uye kushanda asynchronous mota, uye imwe-chikamu shaded pole asynchronous mota.
Musiyano: 380V matatu-phase magetsi anoshandiswa kune matatu-phase asynchronous mota, uye 220V magetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa kune imwe-chikamu mota, iyo ine simba shoma, uye iyo yakanyanya simba inongova 2.2kW. Kuenzaniswa nemota-nhatu-chikamu mota ine kumhanya kumwechete uye simba, mota imwe chete ine yakaderera kushanda zvakanaka, yakaderera simba chinhu, kushomeka kwekumhanya, vhoriyamu yakakura uye mutengo wakakwira. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekureruka kweimwe-chikamu magetsi ekupa uye nyore kukurumidza kudzora, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi maturusi, midziyo yekurapa, midziyo yemumba, nezvimwe.
Yakakwira rpm mota dc yemagetsi mota vagadziri muIndia kumota dzemagetsi
3, Brushless DC mota
1. Brushless DC mota:
Brushless DC mota rudzi rwechigarire magineti synchronous mota, asi kwete chaiyo DC mota. Brushless DC mota haishandise mechanical brashi mudziyo, inotora square wave kuzvidzora inogara magineti synchronous mota, inoshandisa Hall sensor kutsiva kabhoni brashi commutator, uye inoshandisa neodymium iron boron sechigarire magineti zvinhu zve rotor. Iyo ine mabhenefiti makuru pamusoro peyakajairwa DC mota mukuita, uye ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka yekumhanya inodzora mota nhasi. Iyo DC brushless mota inoumbwa nemota muviri uye mutyairi. Sensor yenzvimbo inoiswa mumotokari kuti ione polarity yemota rotor. Mutyairi anoumbwa nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi uye akabatanidzwa maseketi. Basa rayo nderekugamuchira kutanga, kumira uye braking zviratidzo zvemotokari kudzora kutanga, kumira uye braking yemotokari; Iyo inogashira iyo chinzvimbo sensor chiratidzo uye yekumberi uye yekudzosera masaini kudzora pane-kubvisa yega yega simba chubhu ye inverter bhiriji uye kugadzira inoenderera torque; Gamuchira yekumhanyisa kuraira uye yekumhanyisa mhinduro chiratidzo chekudzora uye kugadzirisa kumhanya; Ipa dziviriro uye kuratidza, nezvimwe.
hunhu:
nyatso kutsiva DC mota yekumhanyisa mutemo, frequency converter + inosiyana frequency mota yekumhanya mutemo, asynchronous mota + inoderedza kumhanya mutemo;
ine zvese zvakanakira zvechinyakare DC mota, uye inodzima kabhoni brashi uye inotsvedza mhete chimiro;
inogona kushanda nekudzika kwakadzika uye simba guru, uye inogona kuchengetedza mutoro unorema unotungamirirwa zvakananga neinoderedza;
saizi diki, uremu huremu uye yakakura kubuda;
yakanakisa torque maitiro, yakanaka yepakati uye yakaderera kumhanya torque kuita, hombe yekutanga torque uye diki kutanga ikozvino;
isina nhanho yekumhanyisa mutemo, yakafara yekumhanyisa regulation renji uye yakasimba yekuremedza huwandu;
kutanga kupfava uye kumira kwakapfava, neakanaka mabhureki hunhu, yekutanga mechanical braking kana electromagnetic braking device inogona kusiiwa;
kushanda kwepamusoro. Iyo mota pachayo haina kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa uye kabhoni brashi kurasikirwa, kubvisa akawanda-nhanho kudzikisira kushandiswa. Iyo yakazara simba rekuchengetedza mwero inogona kusvika 20% ~ 60%. Chete simba rekuchengetedza rinogona kudzoreredza mutengo wekutenga gore rimwe;
kuvimbika kwepamusoro, kugadzikana kwakanaka, kugadzikana kwakasimba uye kugadzirisa nyore;
inopesana nemhirizhonga uye kuzununguka, ruzha rushoma, kudengenyeka kuduku, kushanda zvakanaka uye hupenyu hurefu hwebasa;
hapana kupindira kweredhiyo, hapana spark, kunyanya yakakodzera nzvimbo dzinoputika, kudzivirira-kuputika;
ladder wave magnetic field motor uye yakanaka inotenderera magineti yemagetsi mota inogona kusarudzwa sezvinodiwa.
Yakakwira rpm mota dc yemagetsi mota vagadziri muIndia kumota dzemagetsi
2. Brushless DC motokari uye brushless DC motokari
Brushless DC mota uye DC mota pfungwa mbiri. Kunyangwe zita reBrushless DC mota iri DC, haisi mota yeDC. Kubva pachikamu chekutarisa, DC mota ikirasi, nepo brushless DC mota ndeye synchronous mota.
(1) Zvakanakira brushless mota
hapana bhurashi, kupindira kwakaderera: pasina spark yemagetsi inogadzirwa nebhurashi mota panguva yekushanda, kupindira kwemagetsi spark kune kure kure inodzora redhiyo inoderedzwa zvakanyanya.
ruzha rushoma uye kushanda kwakadzikama: pasina bhurashi remagetsi, kupesana kunoderera zvakanyanya, kushanda kwacho kwakanyarara, calorific kukosha kwakaderera, kushanda kwakakwirira, uye ruzha rwakaderera, iyo inotsigira zvikuru kugadzikana kwe muenzaniso kushanda.
Hupenyu hurefu hwebasa uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzirisa: kupfeka kwebrashiless mota kunonyanya kubereka. Kubva pamichina yekuona, brushless mota ingangoita yekuchengetedza yemahara mota. Kana zvichidikanwa, inongoda kuita imwe guruva rekugadzirisa kugadzirisa.
Nekudaro, iyo brashi mota ine yakanakisa yakaderera-kumhanya torque kuita uye yakakura torque, isingagone kutsiviwa neiyo brushless mota.
(2) Panyaya yemaitiro, mabhurashi ekudzikisa mota anogona kutsiva mabhurashi ekudzikisa mota
chiyero chekushandisa: brushless motors dzinowanzo shandiswa mumidziyo ine yakakwira kudzora zvinodiwa uye kumhanya kwakanyanya, senge mhando dzendege, chaiyo zviridzwa uye zvimwe zvishandiso zvinonyatso kudzora kumhanya kwemota uye kusvika pakumhanya kwakanyanya; Kazhinji, magetsi emagetsi anoshandisa mabhurashi mota, senge maomese ebvudzi, mafekitori mota, mahodhi emumba, nezvimwe;
Upenyu hwebasa: hupenyu hwebasa re brushless motor kazhinji muhurongwa hwemakumi ezviuru zvemaawa, izvo zvinonyanya kuenderana nemhando dzakasiyana; Kazhinji, hupenyu hunoenderera mberi hwekushanda kwebhurashi mota mazana kusvika kumaawa anopfuura 1000, uye kabhoni brashi inoda kutsiviwa kana yasvika pamuganho webasa;
kushandisa mhedzisiro: brushless mota inowanzodzorwa nedhijitari frequency kutendeuka, ine yakasimba controllability. Inogona kuonekwa nyore nyore kubva pakuchinja kushoma paminiti kusvika kumakumi ezviuru zvemabhindauko paminiti. Mushure meiyo kabhoni brashi mota yatangwa, kumhanya kwekushanda kunogara kuripo, uye iyo yekumhanyisa mutemo haisi nyore. Iyo yakatevedzana mota inogona zvakare kusvika 20000 rpm, asi hupenyu hwesevhisi huchave hupfupi.
Kuchengetedza kwesimba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza: kutaura, brushless mota inodzorwa ne frequency conversion tekinoroji ichachengetedza rakawanda simba kupfuura rakateedzana rinonakidzwa mota. Iyo inonyanya kujaira ndeye frequency conversion air conditioners uye mafiriji.
kuchengetedza: iyo kabhoni brashi mota inoda kutsiva kabhoni bhurashi, nepo brushless mota ine hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, uye kugadzirisa kwezuva nezuva hakufanirwe.
ruzha: haina chekuita kana iri mota yebhurashi. Inonyanya kuenderana nekubatana kwemabheya uye zvikamu zvemukati.
3. Brushless DC motokari uye AC motokari
Brushless DC mota, iyo stator inzvimbo inotenderera yemagineti, ichikwevera iyo rotor magineti kutenderera;
AC synchronous mota zvakare iri stator inotenderera magineti inokwevera iyo rotor magineti kutenderera;
Yakakwira rpm mota dc yemagetsi mota vagadziri muIndia kumota dzemagetsi
Musiyano uripo pakati pavo ndewekuti zvikonzero zvekutenderera kweiyo inotenderera magineti zvakasiyana: (1) ye AC synchronous mota, chikonzero chekutenderera kwe stator magineti ndiyo matatu-phase symmetrical alternating ikozvino inosara kumashure kweumwe neumwe. ne 120 madhigirii, uye kutenderera kwe stator magnetic field ndiyo kukurumidza kuchinja kwekuchinja kwezvino; (2) Iyo DC mota inoumbwa nekushandurwa kweiyo chaiyo chinzvimbo chakabatana necoil nekuda kweiyo inogara ichivharwa yeDC magetsi emagetsi, uye shanduko yenzvimbo chaiyo yakabatana nekoiri ndiko kumhanya kwerotor kutenderera; Nenzira iyi, nzira dzavo dzekudzora kumhanya dzakasiyana: (1) ye AC synchronous motors, chikonzero chekutenderera kwe stator magineti ndeye matatu-phase symmetrical alternating ikozvino inosarira kumashure kwe120 madhigirii, uye kutenderera kwe stator. Magnetic field ndiyo shanduko yekumhanya yealternating current; Chero bedzi kukurumidza kwe AC kuchinja kuchinjwa, motokari inomhanya inogona kuchinjwa, kureva, kusiyanisa frequency speed regulation; (2) Iyo DC mota inoumbwa nekushandurwa kweiyo chaiyo chinzvimbo cheiyo coil yekubatanidza neiyo inogara voltage yeDC simba rekupa, uye shanduko yenzvimbo chaiyo yekubatanidza coil inongoenderana nekumhanya kwekutenderera kwe rotor; Chero bedzi iyo rotor kumhanya ichishandurwa, kukurumidza kunogona kuchinjwa, uye kukurumidza kwe rotor kunoenderana zvakananga nemagetsi. Kuchinja voltage kunogona kushandura kumhanya, kureva, voltage regulation.
DC yekumhanyisa mutemo haichinje mutoro wemota, nepo AC yekumhanyisa mutemo inoshandura midziyo yekutakura; AC kumhanya mutemo (frequency kutendeuka), kana frequency yasiyana, inductive reactance ye AC mota yakasiyana, uye midziyo yemutoro inochinja zvinoenderana. Iyo haina kugadzikana system, uye zvakaoma kuona yakanaka yekumhanyisa mutemo. DC yekumhanyisa regulation (voltage shanduko) yakanyatsogadzikana sisitimu, iri nyore kuona yakanaka yekumhanyisa mutemo, uye voltage nekumhanya kwemamirimita akati wandei zvinogona kusiyaniswa.
Sezvo kunakidzwa kweiyo brushless DC mota ichibva kune isingaperi magineti, hapana kurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa. Sezvo pasina kuchinjika magineti mu rotor, hapana mhangura kana simbi kurasikirwa pane rotor, uye iyo yakazara kunyatsoshanda inosvika 10 ~ 20% yakakwirira kupfuura iyo yeasynchronous mota ine simba rakafanana (zvichienderana nesimba). Brushless DC mota ine matatu akakwira hunhu hwekunyanya kushanda, yakakwira torque uye yakanyanya kurongeka. Yakanyatsokodzera muchina unoshanda zvinoenderera kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Panguva imwecheteyo, ine vhoriyamu diki, huremu huremu, uye inogona kugadzirwa mumhando dzakasiyana dzevhoriyamu. Kuita kwayo kwechigadzirwa kunodarika zvese zvakanakira zvechinyakare DC mota. Ndiyo yakanyanya kunakisa kumhanya inodzora mota nhasi.
Kuenzanisa: DC mota ine yakanakisa yekutanga hunhu uye kumhanya kudzora maitiro, asi mutengo wakakwira; AC mota ine mutengo wakaderera uye yakareruka magetsi ekupa, asi ayo ekutanga maitiro uye kukurumidza kudzora maitiro ane hurombo zvishoma;
4. Brushless DC motokari uye AC servo motokari
Brushless DC mota: iyo induced kumashure EMF yeBrushless DC mota iri zvakare trapezoidal wave. Kudzora kweBrushless DC mota inoda chinzvimbo ruzivo mhinduro. Inofanirwa kuve nechinzvimbo che sensor kana kutora sensorless estimation tekinoroji kuti igadzire otomatiki yekumhanyisa regulation system. Munguva yekutonga, iyo yazvino yechikamu chimwe nechimwe ichadzorwawo kuita square wave kusvika pazvinobvira, uye inobuda voltage yeinverter ichadzorwa zvinoenderana nePWM nzira yebhurashi DC mota. Muchidimbu, brushless DC mota zvakare imhando yekusingaperi magineti synchronous mota, uye iyo yekumhanyisa mutemo ndeyechikamu cheiyo inosiyana voltage uye inosiyana frequency yekumhanyisa regulation.
Yakakwira rpm mota dc yemagetsi mota vagadziri muIndia kumota dzemagetsi
AC servo mota: Kazhinji kutaura, AC inogara magineti synchronous servo mota ine stator matatu-chikamu chakagovaniswa mhepo uye chisingaperi magineti rotor. Iyo waveform ye induced electromotive force is sinusoidal, uye iyo inoshandiswa stator voltage uye yazvino inofanirawo kunge iri sinusoidal. Kazhinji, inopihwa ne AC inoshanduka voltage converter. Permanent magineti synchronous mota (PMSM) control system inowanzo tora otomatiki kudzora, iyo inodawo chinzvimbo chemhinduro ruzivo. Inogona kutora nzira dzepamusoro dzekudzora senge vector control (field oriented control) kana yakananga torque control.
Musiyano: square wave uye sine wave control inotungamira kune akasiyana dhizaini mazano. Pakupedzisira, pfungwa inojekeswa. Iyo inonzi "DC frequency kutendeuka" yeBrushless DC mota inonyatso AC frequency shanduko kuburikidza neinverter. Tichingotaura, brushless DC mota yakafanana neAC inogara magineti synchronous servo mota uye inofanirwa kuverengerwa se AC inogara magineti synchronous servo mota; Nekudaro, inogara yakarongerwa semota yeDC, nekuti kubva pakuona kwekutonga kwayo uye kutyaira simba rekupa uye kutonga chinhu, zvakakodzera zvakare kuidaidza kuti "brushless DC mota".
4, Motor kumhanya mutemo
1. DC mota kumhanya mutemo:
Rotor wedunhu akateedzana kuramba (yenguva pfupi yekumhanyisa mutemo), rotor wedunhu voltage (inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, iyo regulation renji ndeye 0-base kumhanya), kushandura magineti flux (inongowedzera kumhanya, pamusoro pekumhanya kwepasi, inogara ichimhanya simba regulation)
(1) Voltage speed regulation: controllable power supply speed regulation, PWM (pulse width modulation) speed regulation (inoshandiswa zvakanyanya)
Kana ichienzaniswa neyekare inodzoreka DC magetsi emagetsi ekumhanyisa regulation system, PWM yekumhanyisa regulation system ine zvinotevera zvakanakira:
A. yePWM speed regulation system ine midziyo yakanyatsodzorwa, kuchinja kwekuchinja kwePWM circuit kwakakwirira, saka hurongwa hune bhendi yakakura, kukurumidza kupindura nekukurumidza uye yakasimba yekudzivirira simba.
B. nekuda kweiyo yakakwira switching frequency, iyo DC ikozvino ine diki pulsation inogona kuwanikwa chete nekusefa kweiyo mota armature inductance. The armature current iri nyore kuenderera mberi. Iyo sisitimu ine yakanaka yakaderera-kumhanya mashandiro, kukurumidza kugadzikana kurongeka, yakafara yekumhanyisa regulation renji, uye kudiki kurasikirwa kwemota uye kupisa.
C. muPWM system, magetsi emagetsi emagetsi ebasa guru redunhu munharaunda yekushandura, nekurasikirwa kwakaderera, kushanda kwepamusoro kwechigadzirwa uye zvishoma zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi emagetsi eAC. Iko hakuna "kusvibiswa" kwe thyristor rectifier kune gidhi remagetsi, uye simba rekuita rakakwirira uye kushanda kwakakwirira.
D. dunhu guru rinoda mashoma masimba ezvikamu, dunhu riri nyore uye kudzora kuri nyore.
Parizvino, nekuda kwekudzikira kwechishandiso chiyero, PWM DC yekumhanyisa regulation system inongoshandiswa mumasisitimu epakati uye madiki emagetsi. Iyo yemba yepamusoro simba rekumhanyisa regulation zvakare inotsamira paSCR kuona inodzoreka kugadzirisa kuti ione voltage regulation uye kumhanya kudzora kweDC mota.
