Mumakore ekuma1950s, injoni yeAmerica CW Musser akapa humbowo hwakasiyana hwakashamisa nyanzvi dzinofambiswa negear. Anosvitsa giya rinoshanduka mune giya giya, uye giya rinoshanduka rinoshomeka sefungu kunge giya richimhanya.
Iyo yepuraneti inogadzirisirwa chigadzirwa. Iyo yepasi inotapudza inzira yekukurukurirana ine chimiro chayo chakanyatso kusungirirwa kune geji kesi nemhete yomukati. Pakati pemhete kune giya rezuva rinofambiswa nesimba rekunze. Iko kune seti yemapuraneti egiya seti zvakakamurwa zvakaenzana mumakateti matatu pane pallet. Iwo matenga epasi akaiswa mukati menguva yekubuditsa shaft, yemukati mhete gear uye nerino zino tsigiro; kana simba rekuisa parutivi richidhonzera mazino ezuva, Rinogona kutyaira giya renyika kutenderera uye kutevedza nzira yemukati yemhete kuti itenderera ichitenderera pakati. Kutenderera kwepasi kunofambisa magetsi kubva pane inobuda shaft pallet. Iyo yekumhanyisa chinoshandura giya inoshandiswa kutsikisa huwandu hwekuchinja kwemotokari (mota) kune nhamba inodikanwa yekuchinja, uye kuwana michina ine torque yakakura. Mune modhi yekudzikisa nzira yekuparadzira simba uye kufamba, iyo yeplanethi inogadzirisa ndiyo chaiyo inogadzirisa yakadai seBapman yepasi inotapudza kana zvimwe.
Iyo harmonic inogadzirisa inonyanya kuve nezvikamu zvitatu zvakakosha: wave wave jenareta, giya rinoshanduka uye giya rakaoma. Iyo harmonic drive inotapura is wave wave jenareta iyo inoburitsa inogona kushandurwa elastic deformation yeiyo giya rinoshanduka uye meshes neiyo yakaoma giya. Kutakura kwegiya kunotumira mafambiro uye simba.
Nheyo yekushanda kweyekuderedza kwepasi uye inodzvinyirira moder zvakasiyana, iyo nzira yekutapurira yakatosiyanawo, uye indasitiri yekushandisa iri zvakare zvakasiyana.
Planetary geared mota: Iyo yeparaneti inogadzirisawo iplaneti yepasi inogadzirisa. Iyo giya dhizaini inoumbwa neyezuva giya, yepuraneti magiya, giya rekunze gehena, yepasi rinotakura uye kuburitsa shaft, uye inotambira yakaoma mitsindo; iyo yepasigeji gadziriro yekudzora inogadzirisa inowanzo kuve yakagadzirwa nematanho-epasi mapuraneti, uye musimboti wekutumira Iyo giya ine hushoma hwemazino meshes negeji yakakura pane yakabuda shaft kuti ibudirire chinangwa chekusviba. Iyo inogadzirisirwa ndeyokushandisa chishandiso chine yakadzika torque uye yakakwirira torque uye kuomarara.
Harmonic geared mota: Iyo yekumisa dhizaini yeonic inodzvinyirira ine zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha: vhiri rakasarudzika remukati vhiri, vhiri rinoshanduka, (sekuti, kaputi yakafetwa-yakaomeswa-mukombe wakasetepa ine hwaro hwayo hwakabatana kune shaft inotakurirwa) inoitwa pabhawa. pakutanga kwevhiri rinoshanduka. Iyo "gear gear") neafururo rinounza iro rinoita kuti vhiri rinomhanya rive rakaremara. Rwemagetsi rinogadzirisa rinoumbwa nevhiri remukati rakaomeswa giya, vhiri rinoshanduka, uye wave wave jenareta yekumisikidza vhiri rinoshanduka. hunhu hwekunyatso, kutakura kugona uye nezvimwe, uchienzaniswa neakajairidzirwa kuderedza.
Kuburikidza nerondedzero iri pamusoro rezita, kunyanya muchimiro chacho chakasiyana, iyo yepuraneti inoderedza ine kuomarara, iyo harmonic inogadzirisa chimiro inotora yakaoma uye inoshanduka yegiya meshing transmission; iyo harmonic minimer ndeye the wave wave yepakutanga redhiyo iyo inovimba eccentric flex giya Iyo inomhanyisa kudzora, hukama huri pakati payo uye yepuraneti inogadzirisa ndeyekuti ivo ndevadzorawo, uye imwe yacho haina musiyano.
Mamiriro ekufambisa: Zvinoenderana nekumusoro kusanganisa, chimiro chechakareruka cheplaneti gasi chinogona kupfupikiswa muzvinhu zvinotevera:
(1) Kana mutakuri ari nhengo inoshanda, muteveri anodarika.
(2) Kana mutakuri ari muteveri, mutakuri anofanira kunge achinonoka kupfuura kumhanya kwenhengo inoshanda.
(3) Kana mutakuri akasungirirwa, nhengo inoshanda nenhengo inotyairwa inotenderera munzira dzakatarisana.
(4) Kana giya rezuva riri iro rinoshanda, kumhanya kwemuteveri kunofanira kuderera.
(5) Kana iyo sevhu inotakura ichiita senhengo inongoerekana yaenda, nhungamiro yayo yekutenderera iri munzira imwecheteyo senhengo inoshanda.
(6) Kana iyo seye chinotakura ipasi ichiita senhengo inoshanda, iko kutenderera kwenhengo inodarika yakafanana nazvo.
(7) Mune iri nyore mapuraneti edhijingiti, huwandu hwemeno emagetsi ezuva ndihwo hudiki, uye huwandu hwamagetsi akaenzana epasi rinotakura ndiye akanyanya. Nhamba yemazino egiringi gear ari pakati. (Tarira: Chivengo chemazino akaenzana epasi rinotakura = nhamba yemeno emeno ezuva.)
(8) Kana chero zvimiro zviviri zviri mumapuraneti egetsi zvichitenderera nenzira imwechete kumhepo imwechete, kumhanyisa kutenderera nekutungamira kwechikamu chetatu kunofanirwa kunge kwakafanana nekaive maviri, ndiko kuti, muchina wakakiyiwa uye wova iwo giya giya. (Ichi chinhu chakakosha kwazvo.)
(9) Kana paine imwe chete nhengo inoshanda uye zvimwe zvinhu zviviri zvisina kugadziridzwa, haina zvemukati panguva ino.
Iyo harmonic activator inonyanya kuve nezvikamu zvina zvinokosha: wave jenareta, giya rinoshandurwa, inochinja-chinja uye yakasimba magiya. Iyo harmonic drive inotapudzika imhando yekutakura inochinja yakaunganidzwa neafinha jenareta kuti giya rinoshanduka riite rinoburitsika rinononoka kupindika. Uye meshes neiyo yakaoma giya kuti ifambise kufamba uye simba. Yakashandiswa marayiridzo: mechanic engineering (chinyorwa); kufambisa (zvidzidzo zviviri); giya kuendesa (matatu-nhanho kurayiridza) harmonic giya rekudzora dhiraivha ndiyo mhando nyowani yekudzikisa yakagadziriswa uchishandisa musimboti wepasirosi yekuparadzira giya. Harmonic giya rekutumira (seinonzi harmonic drive).
Sezvo chinoderedza, inowanzoshandiswa muchimiro chezvesheni jenareta inoshanda, yakaoma vhiri rinomira, uye rinobhururuka vhiri kubuda.
Iyo wave jenareta H inhengo-yakavezwa nhengo inopihwa inodhonza fani kumabvi ese ari maviri kugadzira roller, uye inomanikidzwa yakatarisana nemadziro emukati wevhiri rinoshanduka 1. Giya rinoshanduka giya igiya rakatetepa-rine madziro rinogona kuburitsa yakakura elastic deformation, uye iyo yemukati dhayeti iri diki zvishoma pane hwakazara urefu hweiyo wave jenareta. Iyo wave jenareta inhengo inokonzeresa iyo vhiri rinoshanduka kugadzira rinodzora elastic deformation. Kana iyo jenareta yekuisa yaiswa mukati mevhiri rinoshanduka, chikamu chevhiri chinoshandurwa chinomanikidzwa kuchinja kubva kuchimiro chekare kutenderera chimiro kuenda kune elliptical chimiro, uye mazino ari pedyo nemagumo maviri emhedzisiro mirefu anokwenenzverwa zvakakwana nemeno e vhiri rinomhanya, uye meno ari pedyo nemagumo eiyo pfupi axis Anobviswa zvachose kubva pagumbo. Meno emamwe madhiri pane yakatenderera ari mune inochinja mamiriro yekubatanidzwa uye kuraswa. Kana iyo jenareta redhiyo ichiramba ichitenderera munzira inoratidzwa, kududzirwa kweiyo vhiri rinoshanduka rinogara richichinja, zvekuti nzvimbo yemeshure yeiyo vhiri rinotenderera uye vhiri rakaoma rinoshandurwazve, nekuita chiitiko, kuita, kuita, kuita, kurambwa, uye akabva atorana. Dzokororwazve, kutenderera kunononoka kweiyo vhiri vhiri rinotenderera kune iro rakaomarara riri kune rimwe divi reiyo wave jenareta H inowanikwa. Paunenge uchishanda, vhiri rakamiswa rinogadziriswa, mota jenareta inofambisa iyo jenareta kutenderera, uye vhiri rinoshanduka rinoita sevhiri rinofambiswa, uye chabuda chinotenderera kumhanya mutoro. Munguva yekuzvitakura, iyo inodurura jenareta inoshandura imwe shanduko, uye huwandu hwesekisheni yekuchinja pane imwe nhambo pawiricheya vhiri inonzi inhamba yea wave, iyo inomiririrwa n. Zvinowanzoshandiswa maviri mafungu uye matatu mafungu. Iyo yechipiri-wave kutapurirana ine diki dhiri vhiri kusagadzikana uye chimiro chiri nyore, chichiita kuti zvive nyore kuwana huwandu hwekutapurirana yakakura. Naizvozvo, ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Basic Zvinhu: 1. Yakakura mutoro kutakura In harmonic dhiraivhu, mazino uye mazino meshing ari kumeso kubata, uye huwandu hwemeshure mazino (pamusoro kuwedzana) iri hombe, saka mutero peruniti nzvimbo idiki, uye huwandu hwekubereka huri yakakwirira kupfuura mamwe mafomu ekutapurira. 2. Kuendeswa kwechikamu Chikamu chekutapurirana chechimwe-nhanho kukuvara kwegiya chinogona kusvika i = 70 ~ 500. 3. Chikamu chidiki uye uremu huremu. 4. Yakanyanya hutachiona hwekutapira uye hupenyu hwakareba. 5. Icho chinotapira chakatsiga, hapana chinokanganisa, hapana ruzha, uye kukwirira kwakanyanya kwekufamba. 6. Nekuti vhiri rinoshandurwa rinoiswa pasi rakakura rekuchinjisa mutengo, izvo zvinodiwa zvekusimba simba, kurapa nekupisa kurapwa kwezvinhu zvinochinja vhiri zvinhu zvakakwira uye maitiro acho akaomarara.
Iyo harmonic minimer yakagadzirwa chete muChina muna 1960s uye 1970s. Vagadziri vazhinji vane hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye serialization. Inoshandiswa kwazvo mumagetsi, aerospace, marobhoti uye mamwe maindasitiri, nekuda kwekubatsira kwayo kwakasiyana, kushandiswa muindasitiri yemakemikari kuri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma.
Harmonic gear inogadzirisa pakubhururuka, aerospace, simba, marine, kuvaka chikepe, bionic michina, zvakajairika, mashini maturusi, zviridzwa, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, mugodhi uye simbi, zvekufambisa, kusimudza michina, petrochemical michina, machira emuchina, michina yekurima uye Zvekushandisa zvekurapa nezvimwe. zvinhu zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyanya mukushanduka kwesimba mashandiro servo masisitimu, kushandiswa kwekukuvara kweanonic gear kunoratidza ukuru hwayo. Iyo inotumira simba kubva pamakumi emawadhi kusvika makumi emakiromita, asi yakakwirira-simba harmonic magiya anowanzoshandiswa kuitira pfupi-nguva.
Gear reducer hydrostatic transmission system inogona kushandura mechaniki simba kuita mvura yekumanikidza simba, izvo zvinowedzera kuve nyore kwemhepo kutungamira. Iyo yekudzora inomhanyisa uye pombi yekudzikisa nzira uye iyo inotapira nzira yekushambadza mafuta yakanyungudutsa system, kumanikidza vhiri, muchina wekukiya wekugezesa, girizi bhora uye rinotsigira rakaoma mazino epasi rinodzora haigoni kupatsanurwa.
Paunenge uchiongorora, zvinoenderana nekamhepo tembiricha uye disonance dhizaini yegear, inosanganisirwa nenhengo dzezvikamu uye zviridzwa zvehutete mafuta lubrication system, ongorora kana iri Osmotic kudzvinyirira system yekutumira.
Iyo inogadzirisa lubrication muviri wemuviri inosanganisira iyo lubrication body system uye padivi kudzvanywa, tembiricha yekudziya system. Iyo lubrication main system ine tangi yemafuta uye tank remafuta, iro rinova ndiro pombi huru, yekubatanidza uye inoshanduka mota frequency mota. Pombi huru yapfuura pombi yekudzvinyirira pombi yemakore akati wandei akateedzana, uye iyo yekudzvanya gauge yakateedzana zvinorongeka pane inopfuurira pombi yepombi huru uye yekumanikidza kuderedza. Side kumanikidza sensors, duct hita, chubhu dzinonhorera, tembiricha sensors uye mafirita, kutonhora kwemvura inoshanda mavharuvhu mune inotonhorera inotonhorera mvura inobuda pombi, uye nepasipfuura mavheti akabatana kune tangi mune rumwe ruoko anochengeterwa pakati pemafirita. Inobatanidza pombi uye inotapudza
Iyo gear reducer ine yakakwana yekumusoro sisitimu inosangana ne zero zvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa. Inofanira kusimbiswa zvakanyanya.
Planetary magiya anoreva kune magiya egetsi ayo, mukuwedzera pakugona kutenderedza kutenderera kwavo axis yekutenderera senge yakagadzika-axis magiya, maesera avo ekutenderera anotenderera zvakare neyepasi rinotakura nezve axis yemamwe magiya. Kutenderera kwakatenderedza axis yayo kunonzi "kutenderera", uye kutenderera kwakatenderedza mamwe mahosi egiya anonzi "Revolution", kungofanana nemapuraneti ari muchikamu chezuva, saka zita racho.
Planetary giya zvinoreva kuti axis yekutenderera haina kuturikwa, uye mapuraneti epasi akaiswa pane anotenderera bracket. Kuwedzera kutenderera dzakatenderedza yavo axis kutenderera (BB) kunge yakagadzika-axis giya, avo maburi kutenderera anoteverawo bhuruu Bhurawuti (inonzi sayenzi yekutakura) inotenderera nezve axis (AA) yemamwe magiya. Kutenderera kwakatenderedza axis yayo kunonzi "kutenderera", uye kutenderera kwakatenderedza mamwe mahosi egiya anonzi "Revolution", kungofanana nemapuraneti ari muchikamu chezuva, saka zita racho.
Iyo yekudyara yepasigemaki yakakamurwa kuita mutsara wepuraneti uye mutsara wepuraneti kaviri zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemagiya epasige akaiswa pane anotakura mapuraneti. Kuronga planetary kune kwakawanda kwakasarudzika pane zvakajairika gearing. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kupatsanura kwemasimba kunogona kuitwa kana simba riri kuendeswa, uye zvigaro zvekubuditsa uye zvinobuditswa zviri mumutsara iwo wakaenzana. Naizvozvo, mapuraneti egemendi anotumirwa ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi akasiyana-siyana ekufambisa magetsi, senge zvinoderedza simba, zvinokurumidza kukurumidza uye zvekuchinja zvinhu. Kunyanya nekuda kweiyo "yepamusoro mutoro, yakakura yekufambisa ratio" hunhu, hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mundege nemotokari (kunyanya dzinorema mota). Planetary magiya anoitawo basa rakakura mune torque kuendesa injini. Sezvo hunhu hwakaita seinjini inotenderera torque uye mugwagwa uchimhanya wakada zvakasiyana, simba reinjini rinogovaniswa nenzira kwayo kumavhiri echairi, uye hunhu hwepamusoro hwepasi hwapasi hungashandiswa kushandurwa. Kuzvitakura otomatiki mumotokari zvakare kunoshandisa aya maitiro eepadenga magiya kuti awane akasiyana magiya ekuchinja nekushandura hukama hwehukama hwehukama hwemitezo yakakomberedzwa ne kubhuroka.
Iyo yekudyara yepasigemaki yakakamurwa kuita mutsara wepuraneti uye mutsara wepuraneti kaviri zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemagiya epasige akaiswa pane anotakura mapuraneti. Kuronga planetary kune kwakawanda kwakasarudzika pane zvakajairika gearing. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kupatsanura kwemasimba kunogona kuitwa kana simba riri kuendeswa, uye zvigaro zvekubuditsa uye zvinobuditswa zviri mumutsara iwo wakaenzana. Naizvozvo, mapuraneti egemendi anotumirwa ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi akasiyana-siyana ekufambisa magetsi, senge zvinoderedza simba, zvinokurumidza kukurumidza uye zvekuchinja zvinhu. Kunyanya nekuda kweiyo "yepamusoro mutoro, yakakura yekufambisa ratio" hunhu, hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya mundege nemotokari (kunyanya dzinorema mota). Planetary magiya anoitawo basa rakakura mune torque kuendesa injini. Sezvo hunhu hwakaita seinjini inotenderera torque uye mugwagwa uchimhanya wakada zvakasiyana, simba reinjini rinogovaniswa nenzira kwayo kumavhiri echairi, uye hunhu hwepamusoro hwepasi hwapasi hungashandiswa kushandurwa. Kuzvitakura otomatiki mumotokari zvakare kunoshandisa aya maitiro eepadenga magiya kuti awane akasiyana magiya ekuchinja nekushandura hukama hwehukama hwehukama hwemitezo yakakomberedzwa ne kubhuroka.
Nekudaro, nekuda kwechimiro chakaoma kuita uye nyika inoshanda yemapasi epasi, iyo vibrate uye zvine ruzha zvine mukurumbira. Izvo zvinowanzoitika kukundikana kwezvinhu zvakadai segiya rekuneta kupera simba, midzi yakatsemuka uye kunyangwe mazino egiya kana shaft kuputsika, izvo zvine chekuita nekumhanya kwemidziyo. Chinjana kushanda uye hupenyu hwebasa.
Kuumbwa uye kuumbwa: Chakareruka (chega mutsara) mapuraneti egetsi ndiyo hwaro hwechina kuchinjika. Kazhinji, chinja chinoshanduka cheiyo otomatiki chinotapukira chinoumbwa nemitsara miviri kana inopfuura yemapasi egehena matanho. Iyo yakapfava gadziriro yepasigetsi dhizaini inosanganisira giya rezuva, kuwanda kwemapasi magiya, uye mhete yegiya, umo matenga epasi anotsigirwa nebendekete rakatarwa remutakuri wepuraneti, achibvumira matenga epuraneti kutenderera padanho rekutsigira. MaGaroti epuraneti nemagadhara ezuva uye magiya emhete anogara ari munzvimbo yekumhara, uye magiya anokosha anowanzo kushandiswa kugadzirisa basa racho.
Mune gadziriso yepuraneti yakaoma yemuchadenga, pakati penzvimbo yepasi pegiya igiya rezuva, giya rezuva uye gasi reapasi zvinowanzovezwa, uye maviri ekunze magiya mesh akatarisana nenzira yekutenderera. Sezvo zuva riri pakati penzvimbo yedenga, vhiri rezuva rinopihwa nzvimbo yaro. Pamusoro pekukwanisa kutenderera kutenderera kwepasi kutakura axis, mune dzimwe nguva, inotenderera ichitenderedza pakati penzvimbo yegiya yezuva pasi pekutyaira kwemutakuri wepasi. Izvi zvakafanana nekutenderera kwepasi uye kutenderera kwakatenderera zuva. Kana izvi zvikaitika, zvinodaidzwa kuti nzira yekufambisa yeepadenga giya michina. Mune yese yepasige giya dhizaini, sekunge kuvapo kwepuraneti kutenderera, uye iyo inotakura yepasi yakarongedzwa, rudzi urwu rwekutapira rwakafanana neiyo inoenderana shaft mhando kutapurirana. Iyo giya mhete ndiyo giya remukati iro rinogara richinetswa pamwe neapasi giya, uye meno emukati uye ekunze magiya mesh neumwe neumwe kune rimwe divi rekutenderera. Kuwanda kwenzvimbo dzemapuraneti kunoenderana nemutoro wekutakura, kazhinji matatu kana mana, uye zvakanyanya huwandu, mutoro wakakura.
A simple teraneti yepasi dhizaini inowanzonzi seyemukati-mimwe michina, uye izvo zvitatu zvinongedzo zvinonzi sezuva giya, yepasi rinotakura, uye giya rin'i, zvichiteerana. Kana izvi zvinhu zvitatu ndezvekutarisa hukama hwehukama hwekufamba, kazhinji, chekutanga, chimwe chezvinhu zvinoda kugadziriswa, wozotarisa kuti ndiani ari chikamu chinoshanda, uye kuona kutenderera nekukurumidza kutenderera kweanoshanda, uye kutenderera kumhanya uye kutenderera kutenderera kweiyo inosenderedzwa chikamu chakatemwa. Ndizvo.
Musimboti nezvimiro: Kusanganiswa kwekupinda Mugetsi inosanganisira matenga epasi, musimboti wekuperekedza wakasiyana neiwo wegiya shaft shavhi. Nekuda kwekuvapo kwemutakuri wepasi, pane mhete nhatu dzakatenderedza idzo dzinobvumira simba kupinza / kubuda, uye clutch kana brake kana zvimwe zvakadaro zvinogona kushandiswa kutenderera kutenderera kweimwe shafts kana zvichidikanwa, ichingosiya mabote maviri chete ekutakura. . Naizvozvo, kushamwaridzana pakati pezvipakati zvegumbo kunogona kusangana munzira dzakawanda:
(1) Simba iri kuisa kubva giya rezuva, kuburitsa kubva kumhete yegiya rekunze, uye mutakuri wepasi rino wakakiyiwa nemuchina;
(2) Simba iri kupinza kubva kugeji rezuva, kuburitsa kubva kune anotakura ipasi, uye giya rekunze rinobva rakakiiwa;
(3) Simba iri kuisa mukati kubva kune anotakura ipasi, inobuda kubva kugiya rezuva, uye giya rekunze riya rakakiiwa;
(4) Simba iri kuisa kubva kune mutakuri, kuburitsa kubva kune yekunze mhete gear, uye giya rezuva rakakiiwa;
(5) Simba iri kupinza kubva kumhete yekudyira kwekunze, kubuditsa kubva kune anotakura ipasi, uye giya rezuva rakakiiwa;
(6) Simba riri kupinza kubva kumhete yekudyira kwekunze, kuburitsa kubva giya rezuva, uye chinotakura nyika chakakiyiwa;
(7) Masimba maviri aya anotora kubva kugiya rezuva uye giya rekunze remhete zvichiteedzana, uye rakagadzirwa uye kubudiswa kubva kune anotakura kwepasi;
(8) Iwo masimba maviri akaisa kubva kune akatakura kwepasi uye negiya rezuva, uye anobuditswa kubva kumhete yekunze mushure mekuumbwa;
(9) Masimba maviri aya anotakura kubva kune akatakura kwepasi uye negehena rekunze zvakateedzana, uye anobuda kubva kugiya rezuva mushure mekuumbwa;
(10) Simba iri kuisa kubva giya rezuva uye rinobuda kubva kunze rekunze giya uye yepasi rinotakura giya nenzira mbiri;
(11) Simba rinotora kubva kune anotakura, uye rinobuda kubva kuzuva giya uye giya rekunze gehena munzira mbiri;
(12) Masimba ekunze ehete egiya rekuisa, rakakamurwa kuita maviri magetsi kubva kuzuva giya uye nepasi rinotakura.
